HVAC 101: The Core HVAC Parts Every Homeowner Should Know
An HVAC unit is one of the essential appliances in every home. It is a complex system with numerous components interacting to keep the indoors comfortable year-round with minimal effort. A heating and cooling unit also contribute a substantial percentage to the electricity bills. Therefore, keeping all the HVAC system parts in the best shape for their sound performance and efficiency is crucial.
Homeowners should understand some of the vital parts required for a smooth HVAC operation. It helps in timely problem diagnosis, troubleshooting simple issues, and understanding when to call an HVAC professional.
Air filters
Air filters are among the most critical HVAC parts responsible for the unit’s efficient operation. The HVAC filters trap dust, pollen, pet dander, and other contaminants to keep the home air clean. Over time, the filters get clogged with the trapped particles and can restrict the system’s airflow, making it inefficient and increasing the possibility of breakdowns. Clean or replace the air filters every two to three months. Homes with pets or family members suffering from asthma and other chronic respiratory illnesses should replace them more frequently.
Capacitors
HVAC capacitors are cylindrical components that store electrical energy to provide the motor the initial jolt it needs to start the cycle. Once the system is running, the capacitor provides steady power to run the unit reliably and efficiently. The compressor, blower, and outdoor fan motor have separate capacitors. As they see heavy use, the start and run capacitors experience more wear and tear and may need replacement multiple times.
Compressor
The compressor (located in the outdoor unit) plays a vital role in the cooling process. A motor drives the compressor and is responsible for refrigerant movement between the coils. The AC compressor can fail due to dirty coils, blocked refrigerant lines, low refrigerant, inadequate lubricant, and contaminants. The compressor is the most expensive air conditioner part and costly to replace.
Coils
An HVAC system has two coils, evaporator coil and condenser coil, playing a vital role in the heat transfer process. One installs the evaporator coil in the indoor unit, and the condenser coil is installed in the outdoor unit. The evaporator coil absorbs all heat and moisture from the indoor air for cooling and passes it to the unit outside, and the condenser coil expels that heat outdoors. Always keep these coils free of dirt and debris for proper functioning.
Blower motor
The electric blower motor is an HVAC component responsible for blowing hot or cold air through the vents into the different rooms. The blower motors are either single-speed or variable speed. Single-speed motors run at one speed, while variable-speed motors can blow air at different speed levels to regulate airflow.
Other critical HVAC parts include ductwork, vents, thermostat, heat exchanger, combustion chamber, and refrigerant lines.
HVAC knowledge is power
The knowledge of HVAC parts aid in its proper maintenance, avoiding unexpected breakdowns, saving on expensive repairs and replacements, preventing inconvenience, maintaining system efficiency, and keeping the home comfortable. Regular maintenance by an HVAC professional prolongs the life of these components. Call a residential HVAC service company to install, repair, replace, or maintain the heating and cooling system.
Fix My Air DFW of Fort Worth specializes in residential and commercial HVAC services including routine maintenance, installation, and repair. All makes/models. Call us at (817) 439-9811.
